Which model involves the stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline?

The model that involves the stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is known as the product life cycle. This framework is essential for understanding how a product evolves over time through these distinct phases.

In the introduction stage, the product is launched, and initially, sales grow slowly as customers begin to become aware of it. The growth stage follows, characterized by increased sales and market acceptance, often leading to increased profits. Once the product reaches maturity, sales peak and then stabilize as competition increases, and the market becomes saturated. Finally, in the decline stage, sales begin to fall as new innovations or changes in consumer preferences emerge, and the product may eventually be phased out.

This model helps businesses strategize marketing efforts, resource allocation, and innovation based on the stage of the product, making it a foundational concept in marketing and product management. Other options, such as market analysis, business model, and value chain, focus on different aspects of business strategy and do not specifically outline this cyclical progression of a product's lifecycle.